Which of the following statements regarding the disease typhoid is/are correct ?
(i) Salmonella typhi are the pathogenic bacteria which enter human intestine through contaminated food and water migrate to other organs through blood.
(ii) Sustained high fever`(39^(@)C " to " 40^(@)C)`, weakness, stomach pain, constipation, headache and loss of appetite are some common symptons of typhoid.
(iii) Widal test is used for diagnosis of typhoid fever.
(iv) The patient of this disease is not required to be treated with antibiotics.

Options

A. (i) and (ii)
B. (iii) and (v)
C. (i), (ii) and (iv)
D. (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

Explanation

To determine which statements regarding typhoid are correct, let's analyze each statement step by step.

### Step 1: Analyze Statement (i)
**Statement:** Salmonella typhi are the pathogenic bacteria which enter the human intestine through contaminated food and water and migrate to other organs through blood.

**Analysis:**
- Salmonella typhi is indeed the bacterium responsible for typhoid fever.
- It enters the human body primarily through contaminated food and water.
- After entering the intestine, it can spread to other organs via the bloodstream.

**Conclusion:** This statement is **correct**.

### Step 2: Analyze Statement (ii)
**Statement:** Sustained high fever (39°C to 40°C), weakness, stomach pain, constipation, headache, and loss of appetite are some common symptoms of typhoid.

**Analysis:**
- Typhoid fever is characterized by a sustained high fever, typically in the range mentioned.
- Other symptoms like weakness, stomach pain, constipation, headache, and loss of appetite are indeed common in typhoid patients.

**Conclusion:** This statement is **correct**.

### Step 3: Analyze Statement (iii)
**Statement:** Widal test is used for the diagnosis of typhoid fever.

**Analysis:**
- The Widal test is a serological test used to diagnose typhoid fever by detecting antibodies against Salmonella typhi.
- It is a common diagnostic method for this disease.

**Conclusion:** This statement is **correct**.

### Step 4: Analyze Statement (iv)
**Statement:** The patient of this disease is not required to be treated with antibiotics.

**Analysis:**
- Typhoid fever is a bacterial infection, and antibiotics are typically required for treatment to eliminate the bacteria from the body.
- This statement is misleading as antibiotics are essential for treating typhoid.

**Conclusion:** This statement is **incorrect**.

### Final Conclusion:
The correct statements regarding typhoid are:
- (i) Correct
- (ii) Correct
- (iii) Correct
- (iv) Incorrect

Thus, the correct options are **(i), (ii), and (iii)**.

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