The human immuno deficiency virus is

Options

A. an unenveloped, RNA genome containing retrovirus
B. an enveloped, RNA genome containing retrovirus
C. an enveloped, DNA genome containing retrovirus
D. an enveloped, RNA genome containing rheovirus.

Answer

**Step-by-Step Text Solution:**

1. **Understanding HIV**: The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that attacks the immune system, specifically targeting CD4 cells (T cells), which are crucial for the immune response. This can lead to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), a condition where the immune system is severely compromised.

2. **Classification of HIV**: HIV is classified as a retrovirus. Retroviruses are a type of virus that uses RNA as their genetic material and replicate through a process involving reverse transcription.

3. **Structure of HIV**: HIV is an enveloped virus, meaning it has a lipid membrane surrounding its protein coat. This envelope is derived from the host cell membrane as the virus buds off from the host cell.

4. **Genome of HIV**: The genome of HIV is composed of RNA. Specifically, HIV has a single-stranded RNA genome.

5. **Replication Process**: The replication of HIV involves the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which converts the viral RNA into DNA. This DNA can then integrate into the host's genome with the help of another enzyme called integrase.

6. **Conclusion**: Based on the characteristics of HIV, the correct classification is that it is an "enveloped RNA genome containing a retrovirus."

7. **Final Answer**: Therefore, the correct option is: **an enveloped RNA genome containing a retrovirus (Option B)**.

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