HIV is a retrovirus that attacks

Options

A. (a) helper T-cells
B. (b) cytotoxin T-cells
C. (c) B-cells
D. (d) neutrophils.

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding HIV**: HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, which is classified as a retrovirus. Retroviruses are unique because they can convert their RNA genome into DNA using an enzyme called reverse transcriptase.

2. **Mechanism of Infection**: When HIV enters the host's body, it attaches to specific cells and injects its RNA. The reverse transcriptase enzyme then converts this RNA into viral DNA.

3. **Target Cells**: The primary target of HIV is the immune system, specifically the Helper T-cells (also known as CD4+ T-cells). These cells play a crucial role in the immune response by signaling other immune cells to respond to infections.

4. **Impact on the Immune System**: By attacking Helper T-cells, HIV significantly weakens the immune system. Without enough Helper T-cells, the body struggles to mount an effective immune response, making it vulnerable to infections and diseases.

5. **Evaluating the Options**:
- A. Helper T-cells: Correct, as these are the primary targets of HIV.
- B. Cytotoxic T-cells: Incorrect, as HIV does not primarily target these cells.
- C. B-cells: Incorrect, as they are not the primary targets of HIV.
- D. Neutrophils: Incorrect, as these are not the main targets of HIV.

6. **Conclusion**: The correct answer is A. Helper T-cells, as they are the primary cells attacked by HIV, leading to a compromised immune system.