Which of the following microbes transform normal plant and animal cells to cancerous cells respecively ?

Options

A. 1) Retroviruses and Rhizobium
B. 2) Esherichia coli and Agrobacterium tumefaciens
C. 3) Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Retroviruses
D. 4) Agrobacterium tumefaciens and A.rhizogenes

Answer

To answer the question regarding which microbes transform normal plant and animal cells into cancerous cells, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand the Question**: The question asks for specific microbes that can convert normal cells into cancerous cells in plants and animals.

2. **Identify Microbes for Plant Cells**:
- The microbe known to transform normal plant cells into cancerous cells is **Agrobacterium tumefaciens**. This bacterium is well-known for causing crown gall disease in plants, which results from the integration of its DNA into the plant genome, leading to uncontrolled cell division.

3. **Identify Microbes for Animal Cells**:
- For animal cells, **retroviruses** are the microbes that can induce cancer. Retroviruses can insert their genetic material into the host cell's DNA, which can disrupt normal cell regulation and lead to cancerous growth.

4. **Match the Options**:
- Now, we need to match the identified microbes with the options provided in the question:
- Option 1: Retroviruses and Rhizobium
- Option 2: E. coli and Agrobacterium tumefaciens
- Option 3: Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Retroviruses
- Option 4: Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Rhizogenes

5. **Select the Correct Option**:
- Based on the identification, the correct pairing is **Agrobacterium tumefaciens** for plants and **Retroviruses** for animals, which corresponds to **Option 3**.

### Final Answer:
The correct answer is **Option 3: Agrobacterium tumefaciens (for plants) and Retroviruses (for animals)**.

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