Fill up the blanks and select the correct option.
(i) EcoRl cuts the DNA between bases_______only when the sequence______is present in the DNA duplex.
(ii) Disruption of the cell membranes can be achieved by treating the bacterial cells, plant cells and fungal cells with enzymes respectively_______,________and ______.
(iii) Since DNA has a_______charge, it moves towards the__________of the electrophoretic chamber.
A) (i) G and A, GA A T TC (ii) endonuclease, cellulase, chitinase (ii) negative, anode
B) (i) G and A,G A AT TC(i) lysozyme, cellulase, chitinase (iii) positive, cathode
C) (i) G and A,GA AT C (ii) lysozyme, cellulase, chitinase (ii)negative, anode
D) (i) G and A, GA ATC (ii) lysozyme, cellulase, chitinase (iii) positive, cathode

Options

A. A) (i) G and A, GA A T TC (ii) endonuclease, cellulase, chitinase (ii) negative, anode
B. B) (i) G and A,G A AT TC(i) lysozyme, cellulase, chitinase (iii) positive, cathode
C. C) (i) G and A,GA AT C (ii) lysozyme, cellulase, chitinase (ii)negative, anode
D. D) (i) G and A, GA ATC (ii) lysozyme, cellulase, chitinase (iii) positive, cathode

Answer

**Step-by-step Solution:**

1. **Understanding EcoRI and its Recognition Sequence:**
- EcoRI is a restriction enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific sequence. The sequence recognized by EcoRI is a palindromic sequence.
- The specific bases where EcoRI cuts the DNA are between G and A. Therefore, the first blank should be filled with "G and A".
- The complete recognition sequence for EcoRI is GAATC.

**Fill in the first part:**
- (i) EcoRI cuts the DNA between bases **G and A** only when the sequence **GAATC** is present in the DNA duplex.

2. **Disruption of Cell Membranes:**
- Different types of cells have different compositions in their cell walls, which require specific enzymes for disruption.
- For bacterial cells, the enzyme used is **lysozyme**.
- For plant cells, the enzyme used is **cellulase** (since plant cell walls are made of cellulose).
- For fungal cells, the enzyme used is **chitinase** (since fungal cell walls contain chitin).

**Fill in the second part:**
- (ii) Disruption of the cell membranes can be achieved by treating the bacterial cells, plant cells, and fungal cells with enzymes respectively **lysozyme, cellulase, and chitinase**.

3. **Charge of DNA and Electrophoresis:**
- DNA molecules have a **negative charge** due to their phosphate backbone.
- In an electrophoretic chamber, negatively charged DNA will migrate towards the **positive electrode**, which is called the anode.

**Fill in the third part:**
- (iii) Since DNA has a **negative** charge, it moves towards the **anode** of the electrophoretic chamber.

4. **Final Compilation of Answers:**
- Now that we have filled in all the blanks, we can summarize:
- (i) G and A, GAATC
- (ii) lysozyme, cellulase, chitinase
- (iii) negative, anode

5. **Selecting the Correct Option:**
- Based on the filled blanks, the correct option is **C**:
- (i) G and A, GAATC
- (ii) lysozyme, cellulase, chitinase
- (iii) negative, anode

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