Waking up to a bulbul's song in the morning is related to
(a) narrowly utilitarian
(b) Broadly utilitarian
(c) Ethical
(d) both (b) and (c)

Options

A. narrow utilitarian
B. Broadly utilitarian
C. ethical
D. both (b) and (c )

Answer

To solve the question "Waking up to a bulbul's song in the morning is related to", we need to analyze the options provided and understand the concepts of narrowly utilitarian, broadly utilitarian, and ethical arguments in the context of biodiversity conservation.

### Step-by-step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Options**:
- **Narrowly Utilitarian**: This perspective focuses on the direct benefits humans gain from biodiversity, such as resources for food, medicine, and materials.
- **Broadly Utilitarian**: This perspective encompasses the broader benefits that ecosystems provide, including services that enhance our quality of life, such as aesthetic enjoyment, recreational opportunities, and ecological services.
- **Ethical**: This viewpoint emphasizes the intrinsic value of all living organisms and the moral obligation to protect them, regardless of their utility to humans.

2. **Analyzing the Scenario**:
- Waking up to a bulbul's song is an experience that contributes to our well-being and enjoyment of nature. It does not provide a direct resource or benefit in a narrowly utilitarian sense but rather enhances our quality of life.

3. **Identifying the Correct Option**:
- Since the bulbul's song contributes to our enjoyment and appreciation of nature, it falls under the category of broadly utilitarian. It is a service provided by nature that enriches our lives without direct economic benefit.
- The ethical argument could also be considered since it reflects a respect for nature and its inhabitants, but the primary connection here is to the enjoyment derived from the song.

4. **Conclusion**:
- The best answer is **(b) Broadly utilitarian**. However, since the question allows for the possibility of both (b) and (c) being correct, the most comprehensive choice would be **(d) both (b) and (c)**, as it acknowledges both the enjoyment aspect and the ethical responsibility towards biodiversity.

### Final Answer:
**(d) both (b) and (c)**