What is common to the seed banks, orchards, tissue culture and cryopreservation ?
(a) All are in situ conservation methods.
(b) All are ex situ conservation methods.
(c) All require ultramodern equipment and very large space
(d) All are methods conservation of extinct organisms.

Options

A. All are in situ conservation methods.
B. All are ex situ conservation methods.
C. All require ultramodern equipment and very large space
D. All are methods conservation of extinct organisms.

Answer

To solve the question, we need to analyze the options provided in relation to seed banks, orchards, tissue culture, and cryopreservation.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Conservation Methods**:
- Conservation methods are broadly classified into two categories: **in situ** and **ex situ**.
- **In situ conservation** refers to the conservation of species in their natural habitats, such as national parks and wildlife sanctuaries.
- **Ex situ conservation** involves preserving biological material outside of their natural habitats.

2. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Option (a)**: All are in situ conservation methods.
- This is incorrect because seed banks, orchards, tissue culture, and cryopreservation involve preserving species outside their natural habitats.

- **Option (b)**: All are ex situ conservation methods.
- This is correct. Seed banks store seeds outside their natural habitat, orchards can be cultivated for conservation, tissue culture allows for the growth of plants in controlled environments, and cryopreservation involves storing genetic material at very low temperatures.

- **Option (c)**: All require ultramodern equipment and very large space.
- This is incorrect. While some methods may require specific equipment (like cryopreservation), they do not necessarily require very large spaces. For example, seed banks can be maintained in relatively small facilities.

- **Option (d)**: All are methods of conservation of extinct organisms.
- This is incorrect. These methods are primarily used for endangered species, not extinct ones.

3. **Conclusion**:
- Based on the analysis, the correct answer is **(b) All are ex situ conservation methods**.

### Final Answer:
(b) All are ex situ conservation methods.

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