The diversity in the type of beaks of finches adapted to different feeding habits on the Galapagos islands, as observed by Darwin provides evidence for

Options

A. intraspecific competition
B. interspecific competition
C. origin of species by natural selection
D. origin of species by mutation.

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Text Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Context**: The question refers to the diversity of beaks in finches observed by Charles Darwin on the Galapagos Islands. These finches adapted to different feeding habits, which is a key observation in Darwin's study of evolution.

2. **Significance of Darwin's Observations**: Darwin noted that these finches, which originated from a common ancestor, developed various beak shapes and sizes. This adaptation allowed them to exploit different food sources available in their environment.

3. **Concept of Branching Descent**: The term "branching descent" refers to the evolutionary process where species diverge from a common ancestor. As species adapt to different environments and lifestyles, they evolve distinct traits—such as the beak shapes in finches.

4. **Natural Selection**: The process of natural selection explains how certain traits become more common in a population due to their advantages in survival and reproduction. In the case of the finches, those with beak shapes suited for their specific feeding habits were more likely to survive and reproduce.

5. **Conclusion**: The diversity in the beaks of finches provides evidence for the theory of natural selection and branching descent. This illustrates how species can evolve from a common ancestor into various forms adapted to their unique ecological niches.

**Final Answer**: The diversity in the type of beaks of finches adapted to different feeding habits on the Galapagos Islands provides evidence for **natural selection**.

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