Given below are four statements (A-D) each with one or two blanks. Select the option which correctly fills up the blanks in two statements.
(A) Wings of butterfly and birds look alike and are the results of i evolution.
(B) Miller showed that `CH_(4), H_(2),NH_(3)` and i when exposed to electric discharge in a flask resulted in formation of ii
(C) Vermiform appendix is a i organ and an ii evidence of evolution.
(D) According to Darwin, evolution took place due to i and ii or the fittest.

Options

A. i convergent: i small variation, ii survival
B. i covergent, i oxygen, ii nucleosides
C. i water vapour, ii amino acids: i homologous, ii anatomical
D. i vestigial, ii anatomical: i mutations, ii multiplication.

Answer

To solve the question, we need to fill in the blanks in the four statements (A-D) with the correct terms related to evolution. Let's go through each statement step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Statement (A)**: "Wings of butterfly and birds look alike and are the results of ___ evolution."
- The wings of butterflies (insects) and birds (vertebrates) serve the same function (flight) but have different evolutionary origins. This similarity in function but difference in structure is a classic example of **convergent evolution**.
- **Fill in the first blank**: **convergent**.

2. **Statement (B)**: "Miller showed that CH₄, H₂, NH₃ and ___ when exposed to electric discharge in a flask resulted in formation of ___."
- In Miller's experiment, he used methane (CH₄), hydrogen (H₂), ammonia (NH₃), and **water vapor (H₂O)** to simulate the conditions of early Earth. The electric discharge caused these gases to react and form **amino acids**.
- **Fill in the first blank**: **H₂O**; **Fill in the second blank**: **amino acids**.

3. **Statement (C)**: "Vermiform appendix is a ___ organ and an ___ evidence of evolution."
- The vermiform appendix is considered a **vestigial** organ because it no longer serves a significant function in human digestion. It is also an **anatomical** evidence of evolution since it indicates a structure that was functional in our ancestors.
- **Fill in the first blank**: **vestigial**; **Fill in the second blank**: **anatomical**.

4. **Statement (D)**: "According to Darwin, evolution took place due to ___ and ___ or the fittest."
- Darwin's theory of evolution is based on **natural selection**, which involves **small variations** in traits that give some individuals an advantage in survival and reproduction. The phrase "survival of the fittest" encapsulates this idea.
- **Fill in the first blank**: **small variations**; **Fill in the second blank**: **survival**.

### Final Answers:
- (A) convergent evolution
- (B) H₂O; amino acids
- (C) vestigial; anatomical
- (D) small variations; survival