Match the column I with column II and select the correct option from the given codes.
`{:("Column I","Column II"),("Wallace",(i)"Essay on population"),("Malthus",(ii)"Biston"),("Hardy-Weinberg law",(iii)P^(2)+q^(2)+2pq=1),("Industrial melanism",(iv)"Co-proposer of Natural selection"):}`

Options

A. iii,iv,ii,i
B. ii,I,iv,iii
C. iv,I,ii,iii
D. iv,I,iii,ii

Answer

To solve the question of matching Column I with Column II, we will analyze each item in Column I and find the corresponding item in Column II.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Wallace**:
- Alfred Russell Wallace is known as the co-proposer of the theory of natural selection alongside Charles Darwin.
- **Match**: Wallace → (iv) "Co-proposer of Natural selection".

2. **Malthus**:
- Thomas Malthus wrote an influential essay on population, where he discussed the relationship between population growth and food supply.
- **Match**: Malthus → (i) "Essay on population".

3. **Hardy-Weinberg law**:
- The Hardy-Weinberg law describes the genetic equilibrium in a population and is represented by the equation P² + q² + 2pq = 1, which relates to allele frequencies.
- **Match**: Hardy-Weinberg law → (iii) P² + q² + 2pq = 1.

4. **Industrial melanism**:
- Industrial melanism is a phenomenon observed in the moth Biston, where darker moths became more prevalent due to natural selection during the Industrial Revolution.
- **Match**: Industrial melanism → (ii) "Biston".

### Final Matches:
- Wallace → (iv) "Co-proposer of Natural selection"
- Malthus → (i) "Essay on population"
- Hardy-Weinberg law → (iii) P² + q² + 2pq = 1
- Industrial melanism → (ii) "Biston"

### Conclusion:
The correct option that matches the columns is **D**.

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