Read the given examples of animal interactions.
(i) An orchid growing as an epiphyte on a mango branch.
(ii) Barnacles growing on the back of a whale.
(iii) Clown fish living among the stinging tentacles of sea anemone.
(iv) Cattle egrets foraging close to the grazing cattle. Which kind of interaction is being cited by these ?

Options

A. Competition
B. Amensalism
C. Mutualism
D. Commensalism

Explanation

To determine the type of interaction represented by the given examples, we will analyze each example step by step.

### Step 1: Analyze the first example
- **Example**: An orchid growing as an epiphyte on a mango branch.
- **Analysis**: The orchid uses the mango tree for support but does not harm it or take nutrients from it. The orchid benefits from the location, while the mango tree remains unaffected (neutral).
- **Type of interaction**: Commensalism (one benefits, the other is unaffected).

### Step 2: Analyze the second example
- **Example**: Barnacles growing on the back of a whale.
- **Analysis**: Barnacles attach to the whale and benefit by getting a ride through the water, which helps them access food. The whale is not harmed or benefited by the barnacles.
- **Type of interaction**: Commensalism (one benefits, the other is unaffected).

### Step 3: Analyze the third example
- **Example**: Clownfish living among the stinging tentacles of sea anemone.
- **Analysis**: The clownfish gets protection from predators by living among the stinging tentacles, while the sea anemone is not harmed. The clownfish benefits from the relationship.
- **Type of interaction**: Commensalism (one benefits, the other is unaffected).

### Step 4: Analyze the fourth example
- **Example**: Cattle egrets foraging close to grazing cattle.
- **Analysis**: Cattle egrets feed on insects that are stirred up by the grazing cattle. The cattle are not harmed by the egrets. The egrets benefit from the association.
- **Type of interaction**: Commensalism (one benefits, the other is unaffected).

### Conclusion
After analyzing all four examples, we can conclude that they all represent the same type of interaction: **Commensalism**. In each case, one species benefits while the other remains neutral.

### Final Answer
The kind of interaction being cited by these examples is **Commensalism**.

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