Acid rains are produced by

Options

A. excess `NO_(x) " and " SO_(2)` from burning fossil fuels
B. ecess production of `NH_(3)` by industries and power plants
C. ecess release of carbon monoxide by incomplete combustion of fossil fuels
D. excess release of `CO_(2)` by combustion and animal respiration.

Explanation

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Acid Rain**: Acid rain refers to any precipitation (rain, snow, sleet, or hail) that has a lower pH than normal, making it acidic. This acidity is primarily caused by the presence of certain gases in the atmosphere.

2. **Identifying the Causes**: The primary causes of acid rain are the emissions of acidic gases into the atmosphere. The most significant of these gases are sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx).

3. **Sources of Acidic Gases**: These gases are released from various sources, including:
- Thermal power plants
- Industrial processes
- Automobiles

4. **Chemical Reactions**: Once sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are released into the atmosphere, they react with water vapor. This reaction leads to the formation of acids:
- Sulfur dioxide reacts with water to form sulfuric acid (H2SO4).
- Nitrogen oxides react with water to form nitric acid (HNO3).

5. **Formation of Acid Rain**: When it rains, the precipitation can contain these acids, leading to what we refer to as acid rain.

6. **Analyzing the Options**: Given the options provided:
- Option 1: Excess of NO and SO2 from burning fossil fuels (this is correct).
- Option 2: Excess production of NH3 by industrial power plants (not directly related to acid rain).
- Option 3: Excess release of carbon monoxide by incomplete combustion of fossil fuel (not a primary cause of acid rain).
- Option 4: Excess release of CO2 by combustion in animal respiration (not a primary cause of acid rain).

7. **Conclusion**: Based on the information, the correct answer is **Option 1**: Excess of NO and SO2 from burning fossil fuels.

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