High concentration of nutrients especially nitrates and phosphates in water can accelerate which of the following phenomenon ?

Options

A. Algal bloom
B. Eutrophication
C. Biomagnification
D. Both (a) and (b)

Explanation

To answer the question regarding the high concentration of nutrients, particularly nitrates and phosphates, in water and the phenomena they can accelerate, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Nutrient Enrichment**:
- High concentrations of nutrients, especially nitrates and phosphates, in aquatic environments can lead to increased nutrient levels in the water.

2. **Defining Algal Bloom**:
- Algal bloom refers to the rapid and dense growth of algae in water bodies. This phenomenon occurs when there is an excess of nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, leading to a significant increase in algal populations.

3. **Defining Eutrophication**:
- Eutrophication is a process that describes the enrichment of water bodies with nutrients, which leads to excessive growth of algae (algal bloom). This process can result in decreased oxygen levels in the water, harming aquatic life.

4. **Identifying the Effects**:
- Both algal bloom and eutrophication are directly related to the high concentration of nitrates and phosphates. They are essentially interconnected phenomena where nutrient enrichment leads to algal proliferation and subsequent ecological impacts.

5. **Excluding Other Options**:
- Biomagnification, on the other hand, refers to the increasing concentration of toxic substances in organisms at each successive level of the food chain. This phenomenon is not directly related to the nutrient concentrations discussed in the question.

6. **Conclusion**:
- Since both algal bloom and eutrophication are accelerated by high concentrations of nitrates and phosphates, the correct answer to the question is that these phenomena are both accelerated. Therefore, the correct option is both A (algal bloom) and B (eutrophication).

### Final Answer:
The high concentration of nutrients, especially nitrates and phosphates, in water can accelerate both algal bloom and eutrophication.