With the propagation of a longitudinal wave through a material medium, the quantities transmitted in the propagation direction are a) matter b) energy c) energy and matter d) energy, matter and momentum

Options

A. matter
B. energy
C. energy and matter
D. energy, matter and momentum

Explanation

To solve the question regarding the quantities transmitted in the propagation direction of a longitudinal wave through a material medium, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand Longitudinal Waves
Longitudinal waves are waves in which the displacement of the medium's particles is parallel to the direction of the wave's propagation. Examples include sound waves.

**Hint:** Recall that in longitudinal waves, particles of the medium oscillate back and forth in the same direction as the wave travels.

### Step 2: Identify What is Transmitted
When a longitudinal wave travels through a medium, it causes the particles of the medium to oscillate. This oscillation transmits energy through the medium.

**Hint:** Think about how sound travels through air. The air molecules move, but they don’t travel with the wave; they just pass the energy along.

### Step 3: Consider Matter
While the particles of the medium (matter) do move during the oscillation, they do not travel with the wave. Instead, they return to their original position after the wave has passed. Thus, matter is not transmitted in the direction of the wave.

**Hint:** Consider whether the particles themselves move from one place to another or just vibrate in place.

### Step 4: Evaluate Momentum
Momentum is also not transmitted in the direction of the wave in a longitudinal wave. The particles may have momentum during their oscillation, but this does not contribute to the wave's propagation.

**Hint:** Reflect on the definition of momentum and how it relates to the movement of particles in the medium.

### Step 5: Conclusion
Based on the above analysis, the only quantity that is transmitted in the direction of the wave's propagation is energy. Therefore, the correct answer is option (b) energy.

**Final Answer:** b) energy

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