A plane electromagnetic wave is incident on a material surface. The wave delivers momentum p and energy E.

Options

A. `p ne0, Ene 0`
B. `p = 0, E = 0`
C. `p = 0, E ne 0`
D. `p ne 0, E = 0`

Explanation

To solve the question regarding the behavior of a plane electromagnetic wave incident on a material surface, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the properties of electromagnetic waves
Electromagnetic waves carry both energy and momentum. The energy \( E \) of an electromagnetic wave is related to its intensity and frequency, while the momentum \( p \) is related to its intensity and the speed of light.

### Step 2: Identify the formulas for energy and momentum
The formulas for energy and momentum of electromagnetic waves are:
- Energy \( E = \frac{hc}{\lambda} \) where \( h \) is Planck's constant, \( c \) is the speed of light, and \( \lambda \) is the wavelength.
- Momentum \( p = \frac{I}{c} \) where \( I \) is the intensity of the wave.

### Step 3: Analyze the interaction with the material surface
When an electromagnetic wave is incident on a material surface, it can be absorbed, reflected, or transmitted. In any case, the wave will deliver some energy and momentum to the material.

### Step 4: Conclude the outcomes
Since the wave delivers both energy and momentum to the material surface, we can conclude:
- \( p \neq 0 \) (momentum is delivered)
- \( E \neq 0 \) (energy is delivered)

### Final Answer
The correct statement is that when a plane electromagnetic wave is incident on a material surface, both momentum \( p \) and energy \( E \) are delivered, thus \( p \neq 0 \) and \( E \neq 0 \).

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