Which of the following azeotropes is not correctly matched ?

Options

A. `HNO_3` (68%) +`H_2O`(32%) ,Maximum boiling azeotrope , boiling point =393.5 K
B. `H_2O`(43%) + HI(57%) : Minimum boiling azeotrope , boiling point =290 K
C. `C_2H_5OH` (95.5%) + `H_2O` (4.5%) : Minimum boiling azeotrope , boiling point = 351.15 K
D. Chloroform (93.2%) +`C_2H_5OH`(6.8%) : Minimum boiling azeotrope, boiling point =332.3 K

Explanation

To determine which of the following azeotropes is not correctly matched, we need to analyze the given options based on the principles of Raoult's law and the behavior of solutions.

### Step 1: Understand Azeotropes
Azeotropes are mixtures of two or more liquids that have a constant boiling point and composition throughout the distillation process. They can be classified into two types:
- **Maximum boiling azeotropes**: Formed when the solution shows negative deviation from Raoult's law.
- **Minimum boiling azeotropes**: Formed when the solution shows positive deviation from Raoult's law.

### Step 2: Analyze Each Option
1. **HNO3 + Water**:
- HNO3 forms hydrogen bonds with water, leading to a negative deviation from Raoult's law.
- Therefore, it forms a maximum boiling azeotrope with a boiling point of 393.5 K.
- **Conclusion**: This option is correctly matched.

2. **H2O + HI**:
- Water and HI also form hydrogen bonds, indicating a negative deviation from Raoult's law.
- Hence, it should form a maximum boiling azeotrope, but the option states it forms a minimum boiling azeotrope.
- **Conclusion**: This option is incorrectly matched.

3. **Ethanol + Water**:
- Ethanol and water show a positive deviation from Raoult's law due to disruption of hydrogen bonds when mixed.
- Thus, they form a minimum boiling azeotrope with a boiling point of 351.15 K.
- **Conclusion**: This option is correctly matched.

4. **Chloroform + Ethanol**:
- Chloroform and ethanol also show a positive deviation from Raoult's law.
- They form a minimum boiling azeotrope.
- **Conclusion**: This option is correctly matched.

### Step 3: Final Conclusion
From the analysis, the only incorrect match is **H2O + HI**, which is stated to form a minimum boiling azeotrope when it actually forms a maximum boiling azeotrope.

### Answer:
The azeotrope that is not correctly matched is **H2O + HI**.

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