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Which of the following options shows the...

Which of the following options shows the correct order of decreasing acidity:

A

`(CH_(3))_(3)COH gt (CH_(3))_(2) CHOH gt C_(2)H_(5)OH gt CH_(3)OH`

B

`CH_(3)OH gt C_(2)H_(5) OH gt (CH_(3))_(2) CHOH gt (CH_(3))_(3) COH`

C

`C_(2)H_(5)OH gt CH_(3)OH lt (CH_(3))_(3) COH gt (CH_(3))_(2) CHOH`

D

`(CH_(3))_(2) CHOH gt (CH_(3))_(3) COH gt C_(2)H_(5)OH gt CH_(3)OH`

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To determine the correct order of decreasing acidity among the given options, we need to analyze the stability of the conjugate bases formed from the alcohols in question. The acidity of an alcohol is influenced by the stability of its conjugate base; the more stable the conjugate base, the stronger the acid. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Identify the Alcohols**: Let's denote the alcohols as A, B, C, and D. For this solution, we will assume they are representative of different alcohols (e.g., methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and tert-butanol). 2. **Determine the Conjugate Bases**: When an alcohol donates a proton (H+), it forms a conjugate base. The conjugate bases for our alcohols will be: - A: CH3O⁻ (methanol) - B: CH3CH2O⁻ (ethanol) - C: (isopropanol) CH3CHO⁻ - D: (tert-butanol) CH3C(CH3)2O⁻ 3. **Analyze the Stability of Conjugate Bases**: - **Methanol (A)**: The conjugate base CH3O⁻ has no electron-donating groups, making it relatively stable. - **Ethanol (B)**: The conjugate base CH3CH2O⁻ has one electron-donating alkyl group (ethyl), which slightly destabilizes it compared to methanol. - **Isopropanol (C)**: The conjugate base CH3CHO⁻ has two electron-donating groups (isopropyl), further destabilizing it compared to ethanol. - **Tert-butanol (D)**: The conjugate base CH3C(CH3)2O⁻ has three electron-donating groups (tert-butyl), making it the least stable and thus the least acidic. 4. **Rank the Acidity**: Based on the stability of the conjugate bases: - The most stable conjugate base corresponds to the strongest acid. Therefore, the order of decreasing acidity is: - Methanol (A) > Ethanol (B) > Isopropanol (C) > Tert-butanol (D). 5. **Select the Correct Option**: Based on the analysis, the correct order of decreasing acidity is the one that matches the order identified above. ### Final Answer: The correct order of decreasing acidity is: **Methanol > Ethanol > Isopropanol > Tert-butanol**.
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