Picric acid is a yellow coloured compound. Its chemical name is

Options

A. m-nitrobenzoic acid
B. 2,4,6-trinitrophenol
C. 2,4,6-tribromophenol
D. p-nitrophenol.

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Identify the Compound:** The question asks for the chemical name of picric acid, which is known to be a yellow-colored compound.

2. **Understand the Structure:** Picric acid has a specific structure that includes a benzene ring. The benzene ring is a hexagonal arrangement of carbon atoms with alternating double bonds.

3. **Identify Functional Groups:** In the structure of picric acid, there are multiple functional groups:
- Three nitro (NO2) groups.
- One hydroxyl (OH) group.

4. **Determine the Numbering of the Benzene Ring:** When naming aromatic compounds, the functional groups dictate the numbering of the carbon atoms in the benzene ring. The hydroxyl (OH) group has a higher priority than the nitro (NO2) groups. Therefore, the numbering starts from the carbon atom bonded to the hydroxyl group.

5. **Assign Numbers to the Functional Groups:**
- The carbon with the OH group is numbered as 1.
- The nitro groups are then assigned numbers based on their positions relative to the hydroxyl group.
- The nitro groups are located at positions 2, 4, and 6.

6. **Write the Chemical Name:** Based on the positions of the functional groups, the full name of picric acid is 2,4,6-trinitrophenol.
- "Trinitro" indicates the presence of three nitro groups.
- "Phenol" indicates the presence of the hydroxyl group on the benzene ring.

7. **Final Answer:** Therefore, the chemical name of picric acid is **2,4,6-trinitrophenol**.

---