Conversion of phenol to salicylic acid and to salicyaldehyde are known as (respectively)

Options

A. Reimer-Tiemann reaction and Kolbe's reaction
B. Williamson's synthesis and Hydroboration- oxidation
C. Kolbe's reaction and Williamson's synthesis
D. Kolbe's reaction and Reimer- Tiemann reaction

Answer

To solve the question regarding the conversion of phenol to salicylic acid and salicylaldehyde, we will break down the reactions step by step.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Reactants**:
- The starting compound is phenol (C6H5OH).

2. **Conversion of Phenol to Salicylic Acid**:
- To convert phenol to salicylic acid, we need to react phenol with carbon dioxide (CO2) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
- The reaction can be represented as follows:
\[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{OH} + \text{CO}_2 + \text{NaOH} \rightarrow \text{C}_6\text{H}_4(\text{OH})(\text{COOH}) \text{ (salicylic acid)} \]
- This reaction is known as **Kolbe's Electrolysis** or **Kolbe's Reaction**.

3. **Conversion of Phenol to Salicylaldehyde**:
- To convert phenol to salicylaldehyde, we react phenol with chloroform (CHCl3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
- The reaction can be represented as follows:
\[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{OH} + \text{CHCl}_3 + \text{NaOH} \rightarrow \text{C}_6\text{H}_4(\text{OH})(\text{CHO}) \text{ (salicylaldehyde)} \]
- This reaction is known as the **Riemann-Thiemann Reaction**.

4. **Conclusion**:
- Therefore, the conversions are:
- Conversion of phenol to salicylic acid is known as **Kolbe's Reaction**.
- Conversion of phenol to salicylaldehyde is known as **Riemann-Thiemann Reaction**.

### Final Answer:
The conversions of phenol to salicylic acid and salicylaldehyde are known as **Kolbe's Reaction** and **Riemann-Thiemann Reaction**, respectively.

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