Which of the following statements is correct ?

Options

A. The reaction of methyl magnesium iodide with acetone followed by hydrolysis gives secondary butanol .
B. Primary alcohols are dehydrated easily than secondary and tertiary alcohols .
C. Tertiary alcohol is more acidic than primary alcohol .
D. Tertiary butyl alcohol gives turbidity fastest with Lucas reagent .

Answer

To determine which of the given statements is correct, we will analyze each option step by step.

### Step 1: Analyze Option 1
**Statement:** The reaction of methyl magnesium iodide with acetone followed by hydrolysis gives secondary butanol.

- **Reaction:** Methyl magnesium iodide (CH3MgI) is a Grignard reagent that acts as a nucleophile. When it reacts with acetone (CH3COCH3), the nucleophile attacks the electrophilic carbon of the carbonyl group.
- **Product Formation:** The product of this reaction is tertiary butanol (not secondary butanol) after hydrolysis. The structure of tertiary butanol is (CH3)3COH.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **incorrect** because the product is tertiary butanol, not secondary butanol.

### Step 2: Analyze Option 2
**Statement:** Primary alcohols are dehydrated easily compared to secondary and tertiary alcohols.

- **Dehydration Mechanism:** Dehydration of alcohols involves the formation of carbocations. The stability of the carbocation determines the rate of dehydration.
- **Carbocation Stability:** Tertiary carbocations are more stable than secondary, which are more stable than primary. Therefore, tertiary alcohols dehydrate more easily than secondary or primary alcohols.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **incorrect** because primary alcohols are not dehydrated easily compared to secondary and tertiary alcohols.

### Step 3: Analyze Option 3
**Statement:** Tertiary alcohols are more acidic than primary alcohols.

- **Acidity Comparison:** To compare acidity, we look at the stability of the conjugate bases formed after deprotonation.
- **Conjugate Base Stability:** The conjugate base of a tertiary alcohol is less stable than that of a primary alcohol due to the electron-donating effects of alkyl groups, which destabilize the negative charge on the conjugate base.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **incorrect** because primary alcohols are more acidic than tertiary alcohols.

### Step 4: Analyze Option 4
**Statement:** Tertiary butyl alcohol gives turbidity fastest with Lucas reagent.

- **Lucas Test:** The Lucas test involves the reaction of alcohols with hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the presence of zinc chloride (ZnCl2), leading to the formation of carbocations.
- **Carbocation Stability:** Tertiary carbocations are more stable than secondary and primary carbocations. Therefore, tertiary butyl alcohol will react faster and produce turbidity more quickly than primary alcohols.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **correct** because tertiary butyl alcohol forms a stable carbocation and reacts fastest in the Lucas test.

### Final Conclusion
The correct statement is **Option 4**: Tertiary butyl alcohol gives turbidity fastest with Lucas reagent.

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