Which one of the following configurations represents a noble gas?

Options

A. `1s^(2)2s^(2)2p^(6)3s^(2)3p^(6)3d^(10)4s^(2)4p^(6)4d^(10)5s^(2)`
B. `1s^(2)2s^(2)2p^(6)3s^(2)3p^(6)3d^(10)4s^(2)4f^(14)5s^(2)`
C. `1s^(2)2s^(2)2p^(6)3s^(2)3p^(6)3d^(10)4s^(2)4p^(6)4d^(10)5s^(2)5p^(6)`
D. `1s^(2)2s^(2)2p^(6)3s^(2)3p^(6)3d^(10)4s^(2)4p^(6)4d^(10)5s^(2)5p^(3)`

Explanation

To determine which electronic configuration represents a noble gas, we need to understand the characteristics of noble gases. Noble gases are known for having completely filled outer electron shells, and their outer electronic configuration follows the pattern of \(ns^2 np^6\).

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand Noble Gas Configuration**:
- Noble gases have a complete outer shell, which means their outermost electronic configuration is \(ns^2 np^6\).
- This configuration indicates that the outermost energy level (n) has 2 electrons in the s sublevel and 6 electrons in the p sublevel.

2. **Examine the Given Options**:
- We will analyze each option to see if it matches the noble gas configuration.

3. **Option A**:
- Configuration: \(1s^2, 2s^2, 2p^6, 3s^2, 3p^6, 3d^{10}, 4s^2, 4p^6, 4d^{10}, 5s^2\)
- Outermost configuration: \(4d^{10}, 5s^2\)
- This does not match \(ns^2 np^6\) since it lacks the p electrons in the outermost shell. **Not a noble gas.**

4. **Option B**:
- Configuration: \(4f^{14}, 5s^2\)
- Outermost configuration: \(5s^2\)
- This does not match \(ns^2 np^6\) as there are no p electrons. **Not a noble gas.**

5. **Option C**:
- Configuration: \(5s^2, 5p^6\)
- Outermost configuration: \(5s^2, 5p^6\)
- This matches \(ns^2 np^6\) where \(n=5\). This is the configuration of a noble gas (specifically, Xenon). **This is a noble gas.**

6. **Option D**:
- Configuration: \(5s^2, 5p^3\)
- Outermost configuration: \(5s^2, 5p^3\)
- This does not match \(ns^2 np^6\) as it has only 3 p electrons. **Not a noble gas.**

7. **Conclusion**:
- The only configuration that represents a noble gas is **Option C**: \(5s^2, 5p^6\).

### Final Answer:
**Option C represents a noble gas.**

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