What is the relationship between thermal energy and intermolecular interaction energy of a substance in three states in terms of X and Y?
`"Gas" rarr " Liquid" rarr " Solid"`
`overset ("Predominance of X ") rarr`
` overset ("Predominance of Y") larr`

Options

A. X - Thermal energy , Y - Intermolecular interactions
B. X - Thermal energy , Y - Thermal energy
C. X - Intermolecular interactions, Y - Thermal energy
D. X - Intermolecular interactions, Y - Intermolecular interactions

Explanation

To solve the question regarding the relationship between thermal energy and intermolecular interaction energy of a substance in three states (gas, liquid, and solid), we can break it down into a series of logical steps.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the States of Matter**:
- There are three primary states of matter: gas, liquid, and solid.
- Each state has distinct characteristics regarding molecular arrangement and energy.

2. **Identifying Intermolecular Interaction Energy**:
- In gases, molecules are far apart and have minimal intermolecular forces. Therefore, the intermolecular interaction energy is low.
- In liquids, molecules are closer together, and intermolecular forces are stronger than in gases, leading to higher intermolecular interaction energy.
- In solids, molecules are tightly packed, and intermolecular forces are at their strongest, resulting in the highest intermolecular interaction energy.

3. **Identifying Thermal Energy**:
- Thermal energy is associated with the kinetic energy of molecules, which is influenced by temperature.
- In solids, the thermal energy is relatively low because the molecules are fixed in place and can only vibrate.
- In liquids, thermal energy is higher than in solids as molecules can move past each other, allowing for more kinetic energy.
- In gases, thermal energy is at its highest because molecules move freely and rapidly, resulting in high kinetic energy.

4. **Establishing Relationships**:
- As we move from gas to liquid to solid, the intermolecular interaction energy (X) increases.
- Conversely, as we move from solid to liquid to gas, the thermal energy (Y) increases.
- Therefore, we can conclude:
- **X (Intermolecular Interaction Energy)** predominates when moving from gas to solid.
- **Y (Thermal Energy)** predominates when moving from solid to gas.

5. **Final Relationships**:
- The relationship can be summarized as follows:
- **Gas → Liquid → Solid**: Predominance of **X (Intermolecular Interaction Energy)**
- **Solid ← Liquid ← Gas**: Predominance of **Y (Thermal Energy)**

### Conclusion:
- The answer is that X represents intermolecular interactions, and Y represents thermal energy.