Which is not true about the oxidation state of the following elements ?

Options

A. Sulphur +6 to -2
B. Carbon +4 to -4
C. Chlorine +7 to -1
D. Nitrogen +3 to -1

Explanation

To determine which statement about the oxidation states of the given elements (Sulfur, Carbon, Chlorine, and Nitrogen) is not true, we will analyze the oxidation states based on their electronic configurations.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Determine the Electronic Configuration of Each Element:**
- **Sulfur (S)**:
- Atomic number: 16
- Electronic configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁴
- **Carbon (C)**:
- Atomic number: 6
- Electronic configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p²
- **Chlorine (Cl)**:
- Atomic number: 17
- Electronic configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵
- **Nitrogen (N)**:
- Atomic number: 7
- Electronic configuration: 1s² 2s² 2p³

2. **Identify Possible Oxidation States:**
- **Sulfur**:
- Can gain 2 electrons to achieve Argon configuration (oxidation state: -2).
- Can lose 6 electrons to achieve Neon configuration (oxidation state: +6).
- Possible oxidation states: -2 to +6.
- **Carbon**:
- Can gain 4 electrons to achieve Neon configuration (oxidation state: -4).
- Can lose 4 electrons to achieve Helium configuration (oxidation state: +4).
- Possible oxidation states: -4 to +4.
- **Chlorine**:
- Can gain 1 electron to achieve Argon configuration (oxidation state: -1).
- Can lose 7 electrons to achieve Neon configuration (oxidation state: +7).
- Possible oxidation states: -1 to +7.
- **Nitrogen**:
- Can gain 3 electrons to achieve Neon configuration (oxidation state: -3).
- Can lose 5 electrons to achieve Helium configuration (oxidation state: +5).
- Possible oxidation states: -3 to +5.

3. **Analyze the Given Options:**
- The question asks for the statement that is not true regarding the oxidation states of these elements.
- The oxidation states for Nitrogen were calculated as -3 to +5, but if an option states that Nitrogen has oxidation states from +3 to -1, it is incorrect.

4. **Identify the Incorrect Statement:**
- The incorrect statement regarding Nitrogen's oxidation states is that it ranges from +3 to -1. The correct range is -3 to +5.

### Conclusion:
The answer to the question is that the statement regarding Nitrogen having oxidation states from +3 to -1 is not true.

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