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Fill up the blanks with appropriate choice.
Lithium and magnesium react slowly with water.
their hydroxides are_____soluble in water.
Carbonates of Li and Mg____easily on heating. Both LiCl and `MgCl_(2)` are_____in ethanol and are_______.they crystallise from their aqueous solutions as_____.

A

More, do not decompose, soluble, hygroscopic, hydrates

B

less, decompose, soluble, deliquescent, hydrates

C

freely, sublime, insoluble, deliquescent, anhydrous

D

freely, docompose, soluble, hygroscopic, crystals

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Let's fill in the blanks step by step: 1. **Lithium and magnesium react slowly with water. Their hydroxides are**: - **Answer**: less soluble in water. - **Explanation**: Both lithium hydroxide (LiOH) and magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂) have limited solubility in water compared to other alkali and alkaline earth metal hydroxides. 2. **Carbonates of Li and Mg**: - **Answer**: decompose easily on heating. - **Explanation**: Lithium carbonate (Li₂CO₃) and magnesium carbonate (MgCO₃) decompose when heated, releasing carbon dioxide (CO₂) and forming oxides. 3. **Both LiCl and MgCl₂ are**: - **Answer**: soluble in ethanol. - **Explanation**: Both lithium chloride and magnesium chloride dissolve in ethanol, which is a polar solvent. 4. **and are**: - **Answer**: deliquescent. - **Explanation**: Deliquescent substances absorb moisture from the air and can dissolve in the absorbed water. 5. **They crystallize from their aqueous solutions as**: - **Answer**: hydrates. - **Explanation**: When lithium chloride and magnesium chloride crystallize from water, they incorporate water molecules into their crystal structure, forming hydrates. Putting it all together, we have: - Lithium and magnesium react slowly with water. Their hydroxides are **less** soluble in water. Carbonates of Li and Mg **decompose** easily on heating. Both LiCl and MgCl₂ are **soluble** in ethanol and are **deliquescent**. They crystallize from their aqueous solutions as **hydrates**.
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Dow's process of extraction of Mg involves extraction of Mg from sea water. Sea water is concentrated in sun-light and is then treated with slaked lime. Magnesium hydroxide is heated in a stream of HCl to give MgCl_(2) which is electrolysed to discharge Mg. The mixture is in the ratio 35% MgCl_(2)+50% NaCl+15% CaCl_(2) . NaCl and CaCl_(2) are added to lower the fusion temperature and to increases the conductance. Mg^(2+) +Ca(OH)_(2) to Mg(OH)_(2)+Ca^(2+) Mg(OH)_(2)+2HCl to MgCl_(2)+2H_(2)O(l) Electrolysis of fused MgCl_(2) hArr Mg^(2+)+2Cl Mg^(2+)+2e^(-) to Mg ( At Cathode) 2Cl^(-) to Cl_(2)+2e^(-) (At Anode) Mg electrolysed is protected from atmospheric oxidation by a blanket of inert gases. In the hydrated chloride of Mg the value of x is :

Dow's process of extraction of Mg involves extraction of Mg from sea water. Sea water is concentrated in sun-light and is then treated with slaked lime. Magnesium hydroxide is heated in a stream of HCl to give MgCl_(2) which is electrolysed to discharge Mg. The mixture is in the ratio 35% MgCl_(2)+50% NaCl+15% CaCl_(2) . NaCl and CaCl_(2) are added to lower the fusion temperature and to increases the conductance. Mg^(2+) +Ca(OH)_(2) to Mg(OH)_(2)+Ca^(2+) Mg(OH)_(2)+2HCl to MgCl_(2)+2H_(2)O(l) Electrolysis of fused MgCl_(2) hArr Mg^(2+)+2Cl Mg^(2+)+2e^(-) to Mg ( At Cathode) 2Cl^(-) to Cl_(2)+2e^(-) (At Anode) Mg electrolysed is protected from atmospheric oxidation by a blanket of inert gases. Molten mixutre of NaCl and CaCl_(2) is added to the heated MgCl_(2) because :

Dow's process of extraction of Mg involves extraction of Mg from sea water. Sea water is concentrated in sun-light and is then treated with slaked lime. Magnesium hydroxide is heated in a stream of HCl to give MgCl_(2) which is electrolysed to discharge Mg. The mixture is in the ratio 35% MgCl_(2)+50% NaCl+15% CaCl_(2) . NaCl and CaCl_(2) are added to lower the fusion temperature and to increases the conductance. Mg^(2+) +Ca(OH)_(2) to Mg(OH)_(2)+Ca^(2+) Mg(OH)_(2)+2HCl to MgCl_(2)+2H_(2)O(l) Electrolysis of fused MgCl_(2) hArr Mg^(2+)+2Cl Mg^(2+)+2e^(-) to Mg ( At Cathode) 2Cl^(-) to Cl_(2)+2e^(-) (At Anode) Mg electrolysed is protected from atmospheric oxidation by a blanket of inert gases. Molten mixture contains Mg^(2+), Na^(+) and Ca^(2+) but at cathode only Mg^(2+) is discharged because :

Metallic gold frequently is found in aluminosilicate rocks and it is finely dispersed among other minerals. It may be extracted by treating the crushed rock with aerated sodium cyanide solution. During this process metallic gold is slowly converted t [Au(CN)_(2)]^(-) , which is soluble in water. After equlibrium has been reached, the aqueous phase is pumped off and the metallic gold is recovered from it by reacting the gold complex with zinc, which is converted to [Zn(CN)_(4)]^(2-) , Gold in nature is frequently alloyed with silver is also oxidised by aerated sodium cyanide solution. The correct ionic reaction for the process is//are:

Metallic gold frequently is found in aluminosilicate rocks and it is finely dispersed among other minerals. It may be extracted by treating the crushed rock with aerated sodium cyanide solution. During this process metallic gold is slowly converted t [Au(CN)_(2)]^(-) , which is soluble in water. After equlibrium has been reached, the aqueous phase is pumped off and the metallic gold is recovered from it by reacting the gold complex with zinc, which is converted to [Zn(CN)_(4)]^(2-) , Gold in nature is frequently alloyed with silver is also oxidised by aerated sodium cyanide solution. Which of the follwing is/are correct for cyanide process of extraction of gold?

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Metallic gold is frequently found in aluminosllicate rocks and it is finely dispersed among other minerals.It may be extracted by treating the crushed rock with aerated potassium cyanide solution.During this process metallic gold is slowly converted to [An(CN)_2]^(-) , which is soluble in water.After equilibrium has been reached.the aqueous phase is pumped off and the metallic gold is recovered from it by reacting the gold complex with zinc, which is converted to [Zn(CN)_4]^(2-) . Gold in nature is frequently alloyed with silver which is also oxidised by aerated sodium cyanide solution.Silver occurs as native as well as sulphurised ore. The process described above in the passage is regarding :

NCERT FINGERTIPS ENGLISH-THE S-BLOCK ELEMENTS-Assertion And Reason
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  2. Assertion: Elements of group 1 are called 'alkali metals'. Reason: A...

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  3. Assertion: Lithium resembles magnesium diagonally placed in next group...

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  4. Assertion: Alkali metals are obtained by electrolysis of molten salt a...

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  5. Assertion: Lithium salts are mostly hydrated. Reason: The hydration ...

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  6. Assertion: The melting and boiling points of the alkali metals are low...

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  7. Assertion: Lithium fluoride is most covalent in nature. Reason: Smal...

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  8. Assertion: The carbonate of lithium decomposes easily on heating. Re...

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  9. Assertion : Super-oxides of alkali metals are para-magnetic. Reason ...

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  10. Assertion: Be and Mg do not impat characteristic colour to the flame. ...

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  11. Assertion: The fluorides of alkaline earth metals are relatively less ...

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  12. Assertion: Be is readily attacked by acids. Reason: Be shows diagona...

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  13. Assertion: Alkaline earth metal oxides are quite stable to heat. Rea...

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  14. Assertion: BeSO(4) and MgSO(4) are insoluble in water. Reason: Be^(2...

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  15. Assertion: CaCO(3) is prepared by passing carbon dioxide gas through s...

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  16. Assertion: For biological functions in human body, barium is not requi...

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