In Solvay ammonia process, sodium bicarbonate is precipitated due to

Options

A. presence of `NH_(3)`
B. reaction with `CO_(2)`
C. reaction with brine solution
D. reaction with NaOH.

Explanation

To solve the question regarding the precipitation of sodium bicarbonate in the Solvay ammonia process, we can break it down into clear steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Solvay Ammonia Process
The Solvay ammonia process is a method used to produce sodium carbonate (soda ash) from sodium chloride (brine) and limestone (calcium carbonate). The process involves several chemical reactions where ammonia and carbon dioxide play crucial roles.

### Step 2: Identify the Initial Reactions
The first step in the process involves the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) to produce calcium oxide (CaO) and carbon dioxide (CO2):
\[ \text{CaCO}_3 \rightarrow \text{CaO} + \text{CO}_2 \]

### Step 3: Formation of Ammonium Bicarbonate
The carbon dioxide produced reacts with ammonia (NH3) and water (H2O) to form ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3):
\[ \text{CO}_2 + \text{NH}_3 + \text{H}_2\text{O} \rightarrow \text{NH}_4\text{HCO}_3 \]

### Step 4: Reaction with Brine Solution
Ammonium bicarbonate then reacts with sodium chloride (NaCl), which is the brine solution, to produce sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and ammonium chloride (NH4Cl):
\[ \text{NH}_4\text{HCO}_3 + \text{NaCl} \rightarrow \text{NaHCO}_3 + \text{NH}_4\text{Cl} \]

### Step 5: Precipitation of Sodium Bicarbonate
Sodium bicarbonate is less soluble in water compared to ammonium bicarbonate, and due to the common ion effect from the presence of Na+ ions in both sodium bicarbonate and brine, sodium bicarbonate precipitates out of the solution.

### Conclusion
Thus, sodium bicarbonate is precipitated due to the reaction with brine solution and the common ion effect of Na+ ions.

### Final Answer
In the Solvay ammonia process, sodium bicarbonate is precipitated due to the reaction with brine solution, leading to the common ion effect.

---