An element X burns in nitrogen to give a compound Y which on reaction with water gives a compound Z and a gas with a pungent smell. Z can be used during construction and white washing. When excess of `CO_(2)` is bubbled through Z, a compound P is formed which on heeating decomposes to give a compourless, odourless gas. identify X, Y, Z and P.

Options

A. `X-Ca,Y-Ca_(3)N_(2),Z-Ca(OH)_(2),P-Ca(HCO_(3))_(2)`
B. `X-Mg,Y-MgO,Z-Mg(OH)_(2),P-MgCO_(3)`
C. `X-Ca,Y-Ca_(3)N_(2),Z-Ca(OH)_(2),P-CaCO_(3)`
D. `X-Ca,Y-CaO,Z-Ca(OH)_(2),P-Ca(HCO_(3))_(2)`

Explanation

To solve the problem step by step, we need to identify the elements and compounds involved based on the given reactions and properties.

### Step 1: Identify Element X
The question states that element X burns in nitrogen to form compound Y. The most common element that fits this description is Calcium (Ca), as it can react with nitrogen.

**Hint:** Think about elements that can react with nitrogen to form nitrides.

### Step 2: Determine Compound Y
When Calcium burns in nitrogen, it forms Calcium nitride, which has the formula \( Ca_3N_2 \). Therefore, compound Y is \( Ca_3N_2 \).

**Hint:** Look for the product of the reaction between the element and nitrogen.

### Step 3: Reaction of Y with Water
Next, we need to consider what happens when \( Ca_3N_2 \) reacts with water. The reaction is:
\[ Ca_3N_2 + 6H_2O \rightarrow 3Ca(OH)_2 + 2NH_3 \]
From this reaction, we can see that compound Z is Calcium hydroxide, \( Ca(OH)_2 \), and the gas produced is Ammonia (\( NH_3 \)), which has a pungent smell.

**Hint:** Think about the products formed when metal nitrides react with water.

### Step 4: Identify Compound Z
From the previous step, we identified compound Z as \( Ca(OH)_2 \). This compound is commonly used in construction and whitewashing.

**Hint:** Consider the uses of the compounds formed in the previous reactions.

### Step 5: Reaction of Z with CO2
Now, we need to analyze what happens when excess \( CO_2 \) is bubbled through \( Ca(OH)_2 \):
\[ Ca(OH)_2 + CO_2 \rightarrow CaCO_3 + H_2O \]
This forms Calcium carbonate, \( CaCO_3 \), which is compound P.

**Hint:** Think about how carbon dioxide reacts with hydroxides.

### Step 6: Decomposition of P
Finally, when \( CaCO_3 \) is heated, it decomposes as follows:
\[ CaCO_3 \rightarrow CaO + CO_2 + H_2O \]
The gas produced here is carbon dioxide (\( CO_2 \)), which is colorless and odorless.

**Hint:** Consider the thermal decomposition of carbonates.

### Summary of Compounds
- **Element X:** Calcium (Ca)
- **Compound Y:** Calcium nitride (\( Ca_3N_2 \))
- **Compound Z:** Calcium hydroxide (\( Ca(OH)_2 \))
- **Compound P:** Calcium carbonate (\( CaCO_3 \))

### Final Answer
- **X:** Calcium (Ca)
- **Y:** Calcium nitride (\( Ca_3N_2 \))
- **Z:** Calcium hydroxide (\( Ca(OH)_2 \))
- **P:** Calcium carbonate (\( CaCO_3 \))