Name othe products of the following reactions.
(I). `C_(6)H_(6)` reacts with methyl chloride in presence of `AlCl_(3)`.
(II) `C_(6)H_(6)` reacts with acetyl chloride in presence of `AlCl_(3)`.
(III) `C_(6)H_(6)` reacts with fuming nitric acid in presence of conc. `H_(2)SO_(4)`.
(IV). `C_(6)H_(6)` is catalytically hyddrogenated.

Options

A. I-Chloromethane, II-Toluene, III-Nitrobenzene, IV-n-Hexane
B. I-Methylbenzene, II-Chlorobenzene, III-Phenylnitrite, IV-Trimethylbenzene
C. I-Benzylchloride, II-Trimethylbenzene,III-Trinitroboluene, IV-Toluene
D. I-Toluene, II-Acetophenone, III-Trinitrobenzene, IVCyclohexane

Explanation

To solve the question regarding the products of the reactions involving benzene (C₆H₆), let's analyze each reaction step by step.

### Step 1: Reaction of Benzene with Methyl Chloride in Presence of AlCl₃
- **Reaction Type**: This is a Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction.
- **Mechanism**: Methyl chloride (CH₃Cl) reacts with aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) to form a methyl cation (CH₃⁺), which acts as an electrophile. The methyl cation then attacks the benzene ring, resulting in the substitution of a hydrogen atom by a methyl group.
- **Product**: The product of this reaction is **Toluene (C₇H₈)**.

### Step 2: Reaction of Benzene with Acetyl Chloride in Presence of AlCl₃
- **Reaction Type**: This is a Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction.
- **Mechanism**: Acetyl chloride (CH₃COCl) reacts with aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) to form an acetyl cation (CH₃C⁺O), which acts as an electrophile. The acetyl cation attacks the benzene ring, leading to the substitution of a hydrogen atom by an acetyl group.
- **Product**: The product of this reaction is **Acetophenone (C₈H₈O)**.

### Step 3: Reaction of Benzene with Fuming Nitric Acid in Presence of Concentrated H₂SO₄
- **Reaction Type**: This is a nitration reaction.
- **Mechanism**: Fuming nitric acid (HNO₃) in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) generates the nitronium ion (NO₂⁺), which acts as an electrophile. The nitronium ion attacks the benzene ring, leading to the substitution of a hydrogen atom by a nitro group.
- **Product**: The product of this reaction is **Trinitrobenzene (C₆H₃(NO₂)₃)**, as three nitro groups can be introduced on the benzene ring.

### Step 4: Catalytic Hydrogenation of Benzene
- **Reaction Type**: This is a hydrogenation reaction.
- **Mechanism**: Benzene (C₆H₆) is treated with hydrogen gas (H₂) in the presence of a catalyst such as nickel, platinum, or palladium. The double bonds in benzene are broken, and hydrogen atoms are added to each carbon atom.
- **Product**: The product of this reaction is **Cyclohexane (C₆H₁₂)**.

### Summary of Products
1. **Toluene (C₇H₈)** from the reaction with methyl chloride.
2. **Acetophenone (C₈H₈O)** from the reaction with acetyl chloride.
3. **Trinitrobenzene (C₆H₃(NO₂)₃)** from the reaction with fuming nitric acid.
4. **Cyclohexane (C₆H₁₂)** from catalytic hydrogenation.