m-Chlorobenzaldehyde on reaction with conc. KOH at room temperature gives:

Options

A. Potassium m- chlorobenzoate and m-hydroxybenzaldehyde
B. m-hydroxybenzaladehyde and m-chlorobenzyl alcohol
C. m -chlorobenzyl alcohol and m-hydroxybenzylalcohol
D. Potassium m-chlorobenzote and m-chlorobenzyl alcohol.

Answer

To solve the problem of what m-Chlorobenzaldehyde gives when reacted with concentrated KOH at room temperature, we will follow the steps of the Cannizzaro reaction.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Compound**:
The compound in question is m-Chlorobenzaldehyde, which has the structure:
\[ \text{C}_6\text{H}_4\text{ClCHO} \]
Here, the chlorine atom is in the meta position relative to the aldehyde group (CHO).

2. **Understand the Reaction Conditions**:
The reaction is carried out in the presence of concentrated KOH, which provides a basic medium. This is essential for the Cannizzaro reaction to occur.

3. **Cannizzaro Reaction Mechanism**:
In the Cannizzaro reaction, aldehydes that do not have alpha-hydrogens undergo disproportionation in the presence of a strong base. One molecule of aldehyde is oxidized to a carboxylic acid, while another is reduced to an alcohol.

4. **Nucleophilic Attack**:
The hydroxide ion (OH⁻) from KOH acts as a nucleophile and attacks the electrophilic carbon of the carbonyl group (C=O) in m-Chlorobenzaldehyde. This leads to the formation of a tetrahedral intermediate.

5. **Formation of Products**:
- One molecule of m-Chlorobenzaldehyde is oxidized to form m-Chlorobenzoic acid (C₆H₄ClCOOH).
- The other molecule is reduced to form m-Chlorobenzyl alcohol (C₆H₄ClCH₂OH).

6. **Final Products**:
The final products of the reaction are:
- Potassium m-Chlorobenzoate (from m-Chlorobenzoic acid reacting with KOH).
- m-Chlorobenzyl alcohol.

### Summary of Products:
- Potassium m-Chlorobenzoate (C₆H₄ClCOOK)
- m-Chlorobenzyl alcohol (C₆H₄ClCH₂OH)

### Conclusion:
The reaction of m-Chlorobenzaldehyde with concentrated KOH at room temperature gives potassium m-Chlorobenzoate and m-Chlorobenzyl alcohol.

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