Which of the following decreases on dilution of electrolyte solution ?

Options

A. Equivalent conductance
B. Molar conductance
C. Specific conductance
D. Conductance

Answer

To solve the question "Which of the following decreases on dilution of electrolyte solution?", we need to analyze the behavior of different types of conductance as the concentration of an electrolyte solution changes.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Conductance Types:**
- **Equivalent Conductance (Λ):** This is defined as the conductance of an electrolyte solution containing one equivalent of the electrolyte in a given volume of solution.
- **Molar Conductance (λ):** This refers to the conductance of an electrolyte solution containing one mole of the electrolyte in a given volume of solution.
- **Specific Conductance (κ):** This is the conductance of a solution per unit length and per unit cross-sectional area, usually expressed in S/m.
- **Conductance (G):** This is the measure of how easily electricity can pass through a solution.

2. **Effect of Dilution on Conductance:**
- When an electrolyte solution is diluted, the concentration of ions in the solution decreases.
- **Equivalent Conductance and Molar Conductance:** Both of these values increase with dilution. This is because, as the volume of the solution increases (due to dilution), the ability of the ions to move freely increases, leading to higher conductance per mole or equivalent.
- **Specific Conductance:** This value decreases with dilution. As the concentration of ions decreases, there are fewer charge carriers available to conduct electricity, leading to a decrease in specific conductance.

3. **Conclusion:**
- From the analysis above, we can conclude that the only parameter that decreases upon dilution of an electrolyte solution is **Specific Conductance (κ)**.

### Final Answer:
The correct answer is **Specific Conductance (κ)**.

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