What is sorption ?

What is torsion? What is its effect?

select the false statement (S) : Brownian motion and Tyndall effect are shown by true solutions, sorption process is combinations of adsorption and absorption process, Law Hardy schulze is related with coagulation of a sol, Higher is the gold number greater will be the protective power of a colloid.

Adsorption is surface phenomenon, while absorption concerns with the whole mass of the absorbent. In adsorption, the substance is only retained on the surface and does not go into the bulk or interior of the solid or liquid. Absorption implies that substance is uniformly distributed throughout the body of the solid or liquid. In adsorption, the concentration of the adsorbed molecules is always greater in the immediate vicinity of the surface tlian in the free phase. Absorption involves bulk penetration of the molecules into the structure of the solid or liquid by some process of diffusion. Adsorption is a rapid process and equilibrium is attained in a short time. In absorption the equilibrium takes place slowly. Such substance is said to be sorbed and the phenomenon is known as sorption. How does equilibrium affects by adsorption ?

Read the given passage and answers following questions : A catalytic process in which the catalyst and the reactants are present in different phases is known as a heterogeneous catalysis. This heterogeneous catalytic action can be explained in terms of the adsorption theory. The mechanism of catalysis involves the following steps: (i) Adsorption of reactant molecules on the catalyst surface. (ii) Occurrence of a chemical reaction through the formation of an intermediate. (iii) De-sorption of products from the catalyst surface (iv) Diffusion of products away from the catalyst surface. In this process, the reactants are usually present in the gaseous state and the catalyst is present in the solid state. Gaseous molecules are then adsorbed on the surface of the catalyst. As the concentration of reactants on the surface of the catalyst increases, the rate of reaction also increases. In such reactions, the products have very less affinity for the catalyst and are quickly desorbed, thereby making the surface free for other reactants. What is diffusion ?

What is modulation? What are its types?

(a) What is calcination ? (b) What is roasting?

What is optical rotation? On what factors does it depend?