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State the formula of an electric current...

State the formula of an electric current and define its unit.

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If a net amount of electric charge 9 flows across any cross-section of a conductor in time t, then the current I, through the crosssection is
`I = Q/t` ....(12.1)
SI unit of electric charge is coulomb (C) and time is second (s).
The SI unit of electric current is ampere (A), named after the French scientist, Andre-Marie Ampere.
Hence from equation (12.1), A= `C/s`
Definition of ampere (A): If I coulomb charge flows through any cross-section of a conductor in 1 second, then the electric current flowing through the conductor is said to be l ampere.
`i.e., 1 A = (1C)/(1s) = 1Cs^(-1)`
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Knowledge Check

  • The formula for electric current is ………. .

    A
    `I = Qt`
    B
    `I = Q/t`
    C
    `I = t/Q`
    D
    `I =W.t`

  • Unit of electric current density is .... .

    A
    Am
    B
    `Am^(-1)`
    C
    `Am^(-2)`
    D
    `AC^(-1)`

  • Electric current density is ..... .

    A
    vector quantity
    B
    scalar quantity
    C
    fundamental quantity
    D
    having unit` Am^(-1)`

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