State the characteristics of the series combination of resistors.

Explanation

Characteristics of a series combination of resistors are as follows:
(1) The same current flows through each resistor and is equal to the total current flowing in the series circuit.
(2) The potential difference (voltage) across the combination is equal to the sum of the potential differences across the individual resistors.
(3) The equivalent resistance of the combination is equal to the sum of the individual resistances and hence is greater than any of the individual resistances or greater than the largest resistance.
(4) The potential difference across each resistor is directly proportional to the resistance of the resistor.