Give information of hormones secreted by hypothalamus. State its target / function in the body.

Explanation

The hypothalamus is the basal part of diencephalon, forebrain.
It regulates major body functions.
It contains several group of neurosecretory cells called Nuclei which produce hormones.
Hypothalamus is connected with anterior pituitary gland by hypophyseal portal vein and with posterior pituitary gland by axons of the neuron.
Hypothalamus produces two types of hormone.
(i) Releasing hormone (R.H.) which stimulate secretion of pituitary hormones
(ii)the inhibiting hormones (which inhibits secretions of pituitary hormnes).
E.g. Hypothalamic hormone called Gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulates the pituitary synthesis and release of gonadotrophins.
Somatostatin from the hypothalamus inhibits the releas of growth hormone from the pituitary.
These hormones originating in the hypothalamic neurons, pass through axons and are released from their nerve endings.
These hormones reach the pituitary gland through a portal circulatory system and regulate the functions of the anterior pituitary.
The posterior pituitary is under the direct neural regulation of the hypiothalamus.