Which type of hormones are secreted by pituitary gland ? Mention their names and target organs.

Explanation

Pituitary gland is located in a bony cavity celled Sella tursica and is attached to hypothalamus by a stalk.
Based on internal structure, it is divided into two parts :
(a) Adenohypophysis
(b) Neurohypophysis
Adenohypophysis consists of two protions, Pars distalis and Pars intermedia.
Pars distalis is also temed as anterior pituitary.

Anterior pituitary produces follwoign hormones :
(i) Growth Hormone (GH),
(ii) Prolactin (PRL),
(iii) Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH),
(iv) Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone (ACTH),
(v) Luteininzing Hormone (LH),
(vi) Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH).
Pars intermdia secretes only one hormone Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH).
In humans, pars intermedia, fuses with pars distalis.
Neurohypophysis is also known as posterior pituitary.
It stores and releases two hormones called oxytocin and vasopressin.
Both are actually synthesized by the hypothalamus and are transported axonally to neurohypophysis.
Hormones of anterior pituitary effects :
(i) Growth Hormone (GH) : Over-secretion of GH stimulates abnormal growth of the body leading to gigantism and low secretion of GH results in stunted growth resulting in pituitary dwarfism.
On maturity, excessive secretion of GH shows serious physical changes (particularly on face). It is called acromegaly and it leads to greater complexity and immature death. Initial diagnosis is difficult and some times external physical appearance if not expressed, it can not diagnosed.
(ii) Prolactin (PRL) : Regulates the growth of the mammary glands and formation of milk in them.
(iii) Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH): Stimulates the synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones from the thyroid gland. (iv) Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone (ACTH): Stimulates the synthesis and secretion of steroid hormones called glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex.
(v) Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and (vi) Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH): Both these hormone stimulates gonadotropic activities and hence are called Gonadotrophins `(GnTH_(5))`.
In males (`O(+)`) stimulates the synthesis and secretion of hormones called androgens from testis. In males, FSH and LH regulate spermatogenesis.
In females (`underset(+)("O")`) LH induces ovulation of fully mature grafian follicles and maintains the corpus luteum, FSH stimulates growth and development of the ovarian follicles in female
MSHC melanocytes stimulating hormones acts on melanocytes (melanin containing cells) and regulates pigmentation of the skin.
Oxytocin acts on the smooth muscles of our body and stimulates their contraction. In females it stimulates a vigorous contraction of uterus at the time of child birth and milk ejection from the mammary gland.
Vasopressin acts mainly at the kidney and stimulates absorption of `H_(2),O` and electrolytes by the distal tubules and thereby reduces loss of water through urine (diuresis). Hence, it is also called as (Anti Diuretic Hormone) (ADH).