One shot revision|NCERT#!#Ch-4, Basic Geometrical Ideas and Ch-5, Understanding Elementary Shapes

Total number of stereo isomers (optical and geometrical) of the following compound are CHCl=CH-(CH_(3))C_(2)H_(5)

Structures and IUPAC names of some hydrocarbons are given below. Explain why the names given in the parentheses are incorrect. underset(["and not 3,4,7-Trimethyloctane"])underset(2,5,6- "Trimethyloctane")(CH_(3)-underset(CH_(3))underset(|)(CH)-CH_(2)-CH_(2)-underset(CH_(3))underset(|)(CH)-underset(CH_(3))underset(|)(CH)-CH_(2)-CH_(3)) underset(["and not 5-Ethyl-3-methylheptane"])underset("3-Ethyl-5-methylheptane")(CH_(3)-CH_(2)-underset(CH_(2)CH_(3))underset(|)(CH)-CH_(2)-underset(CH_(3))underset(|)(CH)-CH_(2)-CH_(3))

While of the following compounds will exhibit geometrical (or cis-trans) isomerism? (i) CH_(3)CH=CHCH_(2)CH_(3) (ii) C_(6)H_(5)CH=CHCH_(3) (iii) CH_(2)=C(CH_(3))_(2) (CH_(3))_(2)C=CH-C_(2)H_(5) Strategy: Essential requirement for any alkene to exhibit geometrical isomerism is that each of the double bonded carbon atoms should be attached to two different atoms or groups of atoms: m!=n and p!=r . Notice that m and p may be same or different Similarly, n and r may be same or different.

Name the following halides according to IUPAC system and classify them as alkyl, allyl, benzyl (primary, secondary, tertiary), vinyl or aryl halides: (i) (CH_(3))_(2)CHCH(Cl)CH_(3) , (ii) CH_(3)CH_(2)CH(CH_(3))CH(C_(2)H_(5))Cl (iii) CH_(3)CH_(2)C(CH_(3))_(2)CH_(2)I , (iv) (CH_(3))_(3)C CH_(2)CH(Br)C_(6)H_(5) (v) CH_(3)CH(CH_(3))CH(Br)CH_(3) , (vi) CH_(3)C(C_(2)H_(5))_(2)CH_(2)Br (vii) CH_(3)C(Cl)(C_(2)H_(5))CH_(2)CH_(3) , (viii) CH_(3)CH=C(Cl)CH_(2)CH(CH_(3))_(2) (ix) CH_(3)CH=CHC(Br)(CH_(3))_(2) (x) p-ClC_(6)H_(4)CH_(2)CH(CH_(3))_(2) (xi) m-ClCH_(2)C_(6)H_(4)CH_(2)C(CH_(3))_(3) , "(xii)" o-Br-C_(6)H_(4)CH(CH_(3))CH_(2)CH_(3)

One mole of methane (CH_4) contains