Read the following statements w.r.t. pteridophytes (a) they are soil binders (b) first terrestrial plants (c) first tracheophytes (d) dominant phase is differentiated into true stem, leaves and roots (e) sporophyte is an independent plant choose the correct answer.

Options

A. a, b, c & d
B. all except d
C. all except b
D. b, c, d & e

Answer

To solve the question regarding the statements about pteridophytes, we will analyze each statement one by one.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Statement (a): They are soil binders.**
- Pteridophytes, such as ferns, have extensive root systems that help in binding the soil. This prevents soil erosion and stabilizes the soil structure.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **correct**.

2. **Statement (b): First terrestrial plants.**
- Pteridophytes are indeed among the first plants to colonize land, making them some of the earliest terrestrial plants.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **correct**.

3. **Statement (c): First tracheophytes.**
- Pteridophytes are classified as tracheophytes because they possess vascular tissues (xylem and phloem) that allow them to transport water and nutrients. They are one of the earliest groups of vascular plants.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **correct**.

4. **Statement (d): Dominant phase is differentiated into true stem, leaves, and roots.**
- In pteridophytes, the dominant phase of the life cycle is the sporophyte, which is indeed differentiated into true stems, leaves (fronds), and roots.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **correct**.

5. **Statement (e): Sporophyte is an independent plant.**
- While the sporophyte is the dominant phase, it is typically dependent on the gametophyte for nutrition during its early development stages. Therefore, this statement is **incorrect**.

### Final Answer:
Based on the analysis, the correct statements regarding pteridophytes are (a), (b), (c), and (d). The only incorrect statement is (e).