Washing down of materials in the soil from upper strata is called

Options

A. Eluviation
B. Illuviation
C. Pedogenesis
D. Weathering

Answer

To answer the question "Washing down of materials in the soil from upper strata is called," we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks for the term that describes the process of materials being washed down from the upper layers of soil.

2. **Identifying Key Concepts**: We need to focus on processes related to soil movement and degradation. The key term here is "washing down," which implies a downward movement of soil materials.

3. **Evaluating Options**:
- **Elevation**: This term generally refers to the height or altitude and is not related to the washing away of soil.
- **Illumination**: This refers to the lighting or visibility of objects and is unrelated to soil processes.
- **Pedogenesis**: This term refers to the formation of soil and is not about washing away materials.
- **Weathering**: This refers to the breaking down of rocks into smaller particles but does not specifically address the washing away of soil materials.

4. **Correct Answer**: Based on the definitions and the context of the question, the correct term for the washing down of materials in the soil from upper strata is **Leaching**. However, since "Leaching" is not mentioned in the provided options, we can conclude that the closest related process is **Elevation**, which involves the movement of soil layers.

5. **Final Conclusion**: The correct answer to the question is **Elevation**, as it relates to the movement and washing away of the upper soil layers.