Exotic species have the maximum harmful impact of island ecosystem because of their

Options

A. small size
B. small number of indigenous species
C. More productivity
D. both 1 and 2

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Exotic Species**: Exotic species are organisms that are introduced to a new environment, often from a different geographical area. They can have significant impacts on the ecosystems they invade.

2. **Impact on Island Ecosystems**: Island ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to exotic species due to their isolation and unique biodiversity. The endemic species (species native to that island) often have evolved in isolation and may lack defenses against these new arrivals.

3. **Reproduction and Competition**: Exotic species tend to reproduce rapidly in their new environment. Since island ecosystems typically have a smaller number of endemic species, the competition for resources is reduced. This allows exotic species to thrive and outcompete the native species for resources such as food, space, and light.

4. **Consequences of Increased Numbers**: As the population of exotic species increases, they can disrupt the balance of the ecosystem. They may prey on, compete with, or introduce diseases to the endemic species, leading to a decline or extinction of native species.

5. **Conclusion**: The maximum harmful impact of exotic species on island ecosystems can be attributed to their rapid reproduction and the low competition from endemic species. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is that exotic species have a maximum harmful impact due to their ability to reproduce quickly and the small number of indigenous species present.

**Final Answer**: Exotic species have the maximum harmful impact on island ecosystems because of their rapid reproduction and the small number of indigenous species.

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