What is the reason for death of bollworms due to Bt toxin protein?

Options

A. Inhibition of nerve impluse
B. Disturbed digestion of food in foregut
C. Creation of pores that cause cell swelling and lysis in midgut
D. Lysis of cells of hindgut

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Introduction to Bt Toxin**:
- Bt toxin is a protein produced by the bacterium *Bacillus thuringiensis*. It is commonly used in genetically modified crops to provide resistance against certain pests, including bollworms.

2. **Mechanism of Action**:
- When bollworms ingest plant material that contains Bt toxin, the toxin is activated in their digestive system, specifically in the midgut.

3. **Formation of Pores**:
- The activated Bt toxin binds to specific receptors in the midgut cells of the bollworm. This binding leads to the formation of pores in the cell membranes of these intestinal cells.

4. **Fluid Leakage and Cell Swelling**:
- The formation of pores causes the internal fluids of the cells to leak out. As a result, the cells begin to swell due to the loss of structural integrity and the influx of fluids.

5. **Cell Lysis**:
- Eventually, the swelling leads to cell lysis, which means the cells break down and die. This process disrupts the digestive system of the bollworm, leading to its death.

6. **Conclusion**:
- The primary reason for the death of bollworms due to Bt toxin is the creation of pores in the midgut, which causes swelling and lysis of the cells, ultimately resulting in the insect's death.