Collect more information about the Human Genome Project, one of the important projects in the world.

Explanation

i. Genome is defined as the total number of genes present on the haploid set of chromosomes.
ii. The Human Genome Project (HGP) involves the study of genes and genomes by techniques such as DNA sequencing (finding the sequence of nucleotides in given DNA) and related analysis.
iii. The project was initiated in 1990 and was completed in 2003 and was co-ordinated by the US Department of Energy and National Institute of Health.
iv. The main objective of the project was to identify and map the originally estimated 80,000-1,00,000 genes and to sequence approximately 3 billion base pairs.
v. Over 12 countries participated in genome research programmes.
The main objectives of the Human Genome Project were as follows:
a. Identifying all the genes present in the human genome.
b. Determination of the functions of all the genes and identification of genes that are responsible for causing genetic disorders.
c. To study the human genome with a view of developing new strategies for disease detection and innovative therapies and cure.
d. To gain better understanding of the process of human evolution.
e. To understand the details about genetic structure, functions, gene mutation, expression and methods to control them.