Bryophytes called amphibians of plant kingdom as

Options

A. they inhabits damp places
B. they have tracheids
C. their sex organs are multicellular and jacketed
D. their reproductive phase requires water.

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Bryophytes**: Bryophytes are a group of non-vascular plants that include mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. They are characterized by their simple structure and lack of true roots, stems, and leaves.

2. **Habitat**: Bryophytes typically inhabit damp or moist environments. They thrive in areas where there is sufficient moisture, which is essential for their survival and reproduction.

3. **Vascular Tissue**: Bryophytes do not possess vascular tissues (xylem and phloem) that are found in higher plants. This limits their size and the environments they can inhabit.

4. **Reproductive Phase**: The reproductive phase of bryophytes is heavily dependent on water. The male gametes (sperm) are flagellated and require a film of water to swim to the non-motile female gametes (eggs) for fertilization.

5. **Amphibians Analogy**: The term "amphibians" refers to organisms that can live both in water and on land. Similarly, bryophytes can grow on land but require water for their reproductive processes, which is why they are referred to as the "amphibians of the plant kingdom."

6. **Conclusion**: The correct reason why bryophytes are called amphibians of the plant kingdom is that their reproductive phase requires water for the fertilization of gametes.

### Final Answer:
Bryophytes are called amphibians of the plant kingdom because their reproductive phase requires water.

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