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Read the following statements carefully ...

Read the following statements carefully
(i) Protonema is found in mosses and is absent in liverworts.
(ii) In Marchantia,the sporophyte is divided into the foot, seta and capsule
(iii) Archegonia are partially embedded in pteridophytes
(iv) Gymnosperms do not possess vessels in xylem except in some gnetophytes.

A

i,ii,iii

B

ii,iv

C

i,iii,iv

D

All are correct.

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To analyze the given statements about the plant kingdom, we will evaluate each statement one by one to determine their validity. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Evaluate Statement (i)**: - **Statement**: "Protonema is found in mosses and is absent in liverworts." - **Analysis**: Protonema is indeed a structure that develops from the germination of moss spores. It is a filamentous structure that is characteristic of mosses. In contrast, liverworts do not have protonema; they have a disk-like structure that anchors them to the substrate. - **Conclusion**: This statement is **True**. 2. **Evaluate Statement (ii)**: - **Statement**: "In Marchantia, the sporophyte is divided into the foot, seta, and capsule." - **Analysis**: Marchantia is a type of liverwort. In liverworts, the sporophyte is not typically divided into foot, seta, and capsule like in mosses. Instead, the sporophyte is usually a simple structure that remains attached to the gametophyte and does not have these distinct parts. - **Conclusion**: This statement is **False**. 3. **Evaluate Statement (iii)**: - **Statement**: "Archegonia are partially embedded in pteridophytes." - **Analysis**: In pteridophytes (ferns and their relatives), archegonia, which are the female reproductive structures, are indeed partially embedded in the gametophyte structure known as the prothallus. This is a characteristic feature of pteridophytes. - **Conclusion**: This statement is **True**. 4. **Evaluate Statement (iv)**: - **Statement**: "Gymnosperms do not possess vessels in xylem except in some gnetophytes." - **Analysis**: It is true that most gymnosperms primarily have tracheids in their xylem and lack vessels. However, gnetophytes, which are a group of gymnosperms, do possess vessels in their xylem. Therefore, the statement is accurate in its claim about the general absence of vessels in gymnosperms, but it is misleading as it implies that gnetophytes are the only exception. - **Conclusion**: This statement is **True**. ### Final Conclusion: - The true statements are (i), (iii), and (iv). Therefore, the correct option is that statements 1, 3, and 4 are true.
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