For safe blood transfusion

Options

A. Donor's RBC should not contain antibodies against recipient's serum
B. Recipient's serum should not contain antigens against donor's antibodies
C. Recipient's serum should not contain antibodies against RBC of donors
D. Recipient's RBC should not contain antibodies against donor's antigens

Answer

To ensure a safe blood transfusion, it is crucial to understand the compatibility between the donor's and recipient's blood types. Here’s a step-by-step explanation of the reasoning behind the correct answer:

### Step 1: Understand Blood Types
Blood types are classified into four main groups: A, B, AB, and O. Each blood type has specific antigens on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs) and corresponding antibodies in the plasma. For example:
- Type A has A antigens and anti-B antibodies.
- Type B has B antigens and anti-A antibodies.
- Type AB has both A and B antigens and no antibodies (universal recipient).
- Type O has no antigens and both anti-A and anti-B antibodies (universal donor).

### Step 2: Identify the Problem with Incompatible Blood Transfusion
When blood from an incompatible donor is transfused into a recipient, the antibodies in the recipient's serum can react with the antigens on the donor's RBCs. This can lead to agglutination (clumping) and hemolysis (destruction of RBCs), which can be life-threatening.

### Step 3: Analyze the Options
- **Option 1**: The donor RBCs should not contain antibodies against the recipient serum.
- This is not a primary concern since the recipient's antibodies are what cause reactions.

- **Option 2**: The recipient serum should not contain antigens against the donor's antibodies.
- This is misleading because the recipient's serum contains antibodies, not antigens.

- **Option 3**: The recipient serum should not contain antibodies against the RBCs of the donors.
- This is correct. If the recipient has antibodies against the donor's RBC antigens, it will lead to a transfusion reaction.

- **Option 4**: The recipient's RBCs should not contain antibodies against the donor's antigens.
- This is incorrect because the recipient's RBCs have antigens, not antibodies.

### Step 4: Conclusion
The correct option is **Option 3**: For safe blood transfusion, the recipient serum should not contain antibodies against the RBCs of the donors. This ensures that there will be no adverse reactions during the transfusion.

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