Grafted kidney may rejected in a patient due to

Options

A. Humoral immune response
B. Cell-mediated immune response
C. Passive immune response
D. Innate immune response

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Grafted Organs:** When an organ, such as a kidney, is transplanted from one individual to another, the recipient's immune system may recognize the graft as foreign. This is because the transplanted organ may have different antigens compared to the recipient's own tissues.

2. **Immune Response Types:** The immune system has several types of responses, including:
- **Humoral Immune Response:** Involves B-lymphocytes and the production of antibodies.
- **Cell-Mediated Immune Response:** Involves T-lymphocytes and is primarily responsible for attacking cells that are recognized as foreign.
- **Passive Immune Response:** Involves the transfer of antibodies from one individual to another.
- **Innate Immune Response:** The body's first line of defense, which is non-specific and responds to pathogens in a generic way.

3. **Rejection Mechanism:** The rejection of a grafted kidney primarily occurs due to the **cell-mediated immune response**. T-lymphocytes (T-cells) play a crucial role in identifying and attacking the foreign cells in the graft.

4. **Importance of Matching:** To minimize the risk of rejection, it is essential to match the donor's and recipient's tissues and blood types as closely as possible. However, even with matching, the recipient often needs to take **immunosuppressants** to prevent the immune system from attacking the graft.

5. **Conclusion:** The correct answer to the question is that the grafted kidney may be rejected due to the **cell-mediated immune response**.

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