In which one of the following processes `CO_(2)` is not released

Options

A. Lactate fermentation
B. Aerobic respiration in plants
C. Aerobic respiration in animals
D. Alcoholic fermentation

Answer

To determine in which process carbon dioxide (CO₂) is not released, we need to analyze the different types of respiration processes mentioned in the question. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown:

### Step 1: Understand the Processes
The question presents four processes:
1. Aerobic respiration in plants
2. Aerobic respiration in animals
3. Lactate fermentation
4. Alcoholic fermentation

### Step 2: Analyze Aerobic Respiration
- **Aerobic Respiration** (both in plants and animals) involves the complete oxidation of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) in the presence of oxygen.
- The overall equation for aerobic respiration is:
\[ C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O \]
- **Conclusion**: CO₂ is released in aerobic respiration.

### Step 3: Analyze Lactate Fermentation
- **Lactate Fermentation** is an anaerobic process that occurs when oxygen is not available.
- The substrate is glucose, which is converted to pyruvate through glycolysis.
- In the absence of oxygen, pyruvate is converted to lactic acid (C₃H₆O₃).
- The reaction can be summarized as:
\[ C_6H_{12}O_6 \rightarrow 2C_3H_6O_3 \]
- **Conclusion**: No CO₂ is released in lactate fermentation.

### Step 4: Analyze Alcoholic Fermentation
- **Alcoholic Fermentation** also occurs in the absence of oxygen.
- Here, glucose is converted to ethanol (C₂H₅OH) and carbon dioxide.
- The overall reaction is:
\[ C_6H_{12}O_6 \rightarrow 2C_2H_5OH + 2CO_2 \]
- **Conclusion**: CO₂ is released in alcoholic fermentation.

### Step 5: Final Conclusion
From the analysis:
- Aerobic respiration (both in plants and animals) releases CO₂.
- Alcoholic fermentation releases CO₂.
- Lactate fermentation does not release CO₂.

Thus, the correct answer is **Lactate Fermentation** is the process in which CO₂ is not released.

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