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The breakdown of detritus into smaller p...

The breakdown of detritus into smaller particles by earthworm is a process called

A

humification

B

fragmentation

C

mineralisation

D

catabolism

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
**Step-by-Step Solution:** 1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks about the process by which earthworms break down detritus (organic matter) into smaller particles. 2. **Identifying the Role of Earthworms**: Earthworms consume soil, which contains organic matter (detritus). As they digest this material, they pass it through their digestive system. 3. **The Process of Breakdown**: During the passage of soil through the earthworm's elementary canal, the decaying matter is physically broken down into smaller particles. This process is crucial for the decomposition and nutrient cycling in the soil. 4. **Defining the Correct Term**: The term that describes the breakdown of detritus into smaller particles by organisms like earthworms is known as "fragmentation." This term specifically refers to the physical breakdown of larger organic materials into smaller pieces. 5. **Eliminating Incorrect Options**: - **Humification**: This refers to the process of forming humus from organic matter, which is not the same as fragmentation. - **Mineralization**: This is the process of converting organic matter into inorganic nutrients, which is also not the same as fragmentation. - **Catabolism**: This refers to the metabolic process of breaking down molecules for energy, which is broader and not specific to the breakdown of detritus by earthworms. 6. **Conclusion**: Based on the above analysis, the correct answer to the question is option B, "fragmentation." **Final Answer**: The breakdown of detritus into smaller particles by earthworms is a process called **fragmentation**. ---
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