The joker of plant kingdom are

Options

A. Bacteria
B. Archaebacteria
C. PPLO
D. Viriods

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks about the "joker of the plant kingdom." This term is often used to refer to organisms that have unique characteristics that set them apart from typical members of the plant kingdom.

2. **Identifying Mycoplasma**: From the video transcript, it is mentioned that Mycoplasma is referred to as the "joker of the plant kingdom." Mycoplasma is a genus of bacteria that lacks a cell wall.

3. **Characteristics of Mycoplasma**:
- **Lack of Cell Wall**: Mycoplasma does not have a cell wall, which is a significant characteristic that differentiates it from other bacteria.
- **Antibiotic Resistance**: Due to the absence of a cell wall, Mycoplasma is naturally resistant to antibiotics that target cell wall synthesis.
- **Shape Modification**: Mycoplasma can change its shape according to the environment, which is another unique trait.

4. **Evaluating the Options**: The options provided are bacteria, archaebacteria, PPLO, and virioids.
- **Virioids**: These are infectious agents consisting only of naked RNA, so they can be eliminated as they are not related to Mycoplasma.
- **Archaebacteria**: These are primitive prokaryotes with cell walls, making them different from Mycoplasma.
- **Bacteria**: This term encompasses a broad range of organisms, including Mycoplasma, but does not specifically identify it.
- **PPLO (Pleuropneumonia-like Organisms)**: This term specifically refers to Mycoplasma, which is why it is the correct answer.

5. **Conclusion**: Based on the characteristics and the options provided, the answer to the question "The joker of the plant kingdom are" is **PPLO**.

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