Penicillin inhibits bacterial multiplication be- cause it checks

Options

A. spindle formation
B. cell wall synthesis of bacteria
C. RNA synthesis
D. it destroys chromatin

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Penicillin**: Penicillin is an antibiotic derived from the Penicillium mold. It is primarily used to treat bacterial infections.

2. **Mechanism of Action**: Penicillin inhibits bacterial multiplication by targeting the bacterial cell wall. The cell wall is crucial for maintaining the structural integrity of bacteria.

3. **Inhibition of Enzymes**: The specific mechanism through which penicillin acts is by inactivating an enzyme called transpeptidase. This enzyme is essential for the cross-linking of peptidoglycan layers in the bacterial cell wall.

4. **Effect on Cell Wall Synthesis**: When penicillin inactivates transpeptidase, it prevents the cross-linking of peptidoglycan, which is necessary for cell wall construction. Without a proper cell wall, bacteria cannot maintain their shape or integrity.

5. **Outcome**: As a result of the inhibited cell wall synthesis, the bacteria are unable to multiply and ultimately die due to the compromised structure of their cell wall.

6. **Conclusion**: Therefore, penicillin inhibits bacterial multiplication because it checks the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall.

**Final Answer**: Penicillin inhibits bacterial multiplication because it checks the bacterial cell wall synthesis.

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