In cyanobacteria, reproduction is

Options

A. asexual and vegetative
B. asexual and sexual
C. vegetative and sexual
D. sexual only

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Cyanobacteria**:
- Cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, are photosynthetic bacteria that can produce their own food using sunlight.

2. **Reproductive Modes**:
- Cyanobacteria primarily reproduce asexually. This means they do not engage in sexual reproduction.

3. **Asexual Reproduction Mechanisms**:
- Cyanobacteria can reproduce asexually through several methods:
- **Endospores**: They can form endospores, which are resistant structures that can survive harsh conditions.
- **Exospores**: Similar to endospores, these are spores that are released from the parent organism.
- **Acinetes**: Some cyanobacteria, such as Nostoc, can form specialized cells called akinetes, which are also involved in asexual reproduction.

4. **Vegetative Reproduction**:
- In addition to asexual reproduction, cyanobacteria can also reproduce vegetatively through:
- **Fission**: This is the process where a parental cell divides into two daughter cells.
- **Fragmentation**: The parental body breaks into fragments, and each fragment can grow into a new organism.
- **Hormogonia**: These are short filaments that can break off and grow into new individuals.

5. **Conclusion**:
- Since cyanobacteria do not exhibit sexual reproduction, the correct answer to the question is that their reproduction is asexual and vegetative.

### Final Answer:
- The correct option is: **Asexual and Vegetative**.

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