Which has maximum diffusion pressure ?

Options

A. Water
B. Distilled water
C. 1 M sugar solution
D. 1 M NaCl solution

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Define Diffusion Pressure**:
- Diffusion pressure (dP) is the pressure exerted by the tendency of particles to move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. It is a measure of the potential for diffusion to occur.

2. **Understand the Relationship**:
- The diffusion pressure is proportional to the concentration of the diffusing particles. Therefore, the more particles present in a solution, the higher the diffusion pressure.

3. **Evaluate the Options**:
- Let's analyze the options given:
- **Option 1: Water**:
- Water has no solute particles, hence it has a very low diffusion pressure, often considered to be zero at standard temperature and pressure.
- **Option 2: 1 Molar Sugar Solution (C12H22O12)**:
- A 1 Molar solution of sucrose contains 6.02 x 10^23 molecules of sucrose (Avogadro's number).
- **Option 3: 1 Molar NaCl Solution**:
- A 1 Molar solution of NaCl dissociates into two ions: Na⁺ and Cl⁻. Therefore, it contains 2 x 6.02 x 10^23 particles (one for each ion), which equals 1.204 x 10^24 particles.

4. **Compare the Diffusion Pressures**:
- Since the diffusion pressure is proportional to the number of particles:
- Water has the lowest diffusion pressure (close to zero).
- The 1 Molar sugar solution has 6.02 x 10^23 particles.
- The 1 Molar NaCl solution has 1.204 x 10^24 particles.
- Thus, the 1 Molar NaCl solution has the highest number of particles and therefore the highest diffusion pressure.

5. **Conclusion**:
- The solution with the maximum diffusion pressure is the **1 Molar NaCl solution**.